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mv 移动目录分为2种情况：
第一种：目标目录为空，使用mv命令可以直接移动，使用绝对路径执行或加参数-f 不会提示是否移动。
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir 1
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /tmp/1
[root@localhost ~]# mv 1/ /tmp/
mv: overwrite `/tmp/1'? n
[root@localhost# /bin/mv 1/ /tmp/
第二种：目标目录非空，使用绝对路径执行也会提示目录非空不能移动，需要加一个参数-b 加参数后可以移动，同时会备份目标目录一份。备份目录后面 ~ 表示；
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir 2
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /tmp/2
[root@localhost ~]# touch /tmp/2/2.txt
[root@localhost ~]# /bin/mv 2/ /tmp/
/bin/mv: cannot move `2/' to `/tmp/2': Directory not empty
[root@localhost ~]# ls /tmp/
1 2 yum.log
[root@localhost# /bin/mv -b 2/ /tmp/
[root@localhost ~]# ls /tmp/
1 2 2~ yum.log
2~ 这个目录为移动以前/tmp/目录下的，移动之后加了~表示备份。
来自 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-04/116334.htm
I have a directory called 'existing_folder' and another directory called 'temp'
I want to replace the contents of 'existing_folder' with those of 'temp' along with any sub directories.
Because the directory contains web pages, this has to be done in a way that ensures minimal downtime.
Is there a way to do this? What command should I use to achieve this?
If both orig_folder and temp are on the same physical hard drive, renaming (moving) them is essentially instantaneous. That means you could simply do
用 temp 目录的内容来 替换为 orig_folder的内容
先把 orig_folder 重命名为 foo (中间的临时产生的无用的目录)
再把 temp 重命名为 orig_folder
最后再删除 foo (中间的临时产生的无用的目录)
mv orig_folder foo && mv temp orig_folder && rm -rf foo
That will rename orig_folder to foo, then rename temp to orig_folder and finally delete foo. On the same filesystem, the two mv operations will take next to no time (0.004 seconds on my system).
If the source and target directories are not on the same file system, in order to minimize the timethat the files are not available, you would first need to move the source directory to the same filesystem and then rename:
mv /path/to/temp . && mv orig_folder foo && mv temp orig_folder && rm -rf foo
Have you tried rsync ?
From your requirements I think it is the best tool. It will replace only the files that changed, copy new ones and it can remove those that are gone in origin.
$ rsync -av --delete temp/ existing_folder/
Notice the slash after temp, it is required because you want to sync the contents. Without it it would create a directori temp inside existing folder.
The delete argument makes the files that are no longer in temp be removed in existing_folder.
You can also do a dry-run if you add -n argument. It will tell you what changes will be done without doing anything.
Combining the accepted answer here with the command to copy one directory into another, the below command should do the job:
rm -rfv <existing_folder>/* && cp -r <temp>/* <existing_folder>
But, as the answer in the link says, note that:
the /* part is very important. If you put a space before the *, it will delete all your files in your current directory.
this won't delete hidden files
"be very (very) careful playing with rm, -r and * all in the same command. They can be a disastrous combination."
existing_folder, that is not in temp should be removed, right? – Jacob Vlijm Mar 22 '15 at 8:45 temp should be removed from existing_folder afterwards). :) – Jacob Vlijm Mar 22 '15 at 9:10original_dir and temp. Finally, you should also explain whether the two directories are on the same physical disk. That makes a huge difference to the time needed to move things around. mv is essentially instantaneous on the same disk but can take a while if not. – terdon♦ Mar 22 '15 at 10:53