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mac下安装和使用brew
2019.2.21更新
安装brew
执行以下命令即可安装brew最新版本（https://github.com/Homebrew/install）
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
更新brew
1，最简单粗暴方式：卸载现有版本brew，重新安装最新版本
卸载现有版本，执行
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/uninstall)"
安装最新版本，执行
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
2，不愿采用先卸载再安装方式的话，可以如下操作
执行以下命令
brew update
报错：Error: /usr/local must be writable!
需要赋给/usr/local目录权限，执行sudo chown -R $(whoami) /usr/local，即
sudo chown -R fxp /usr/local
其中fxp为系统当前用户名。
继续报错：chown: /usr/local: Operation not permitted
这是Mac OS 10.13版本之后加强了权限的限制，尤其是对/usr/local目录，默认开通 SIP （System Intergrity Protection），它禁止了软件以root身份在Mac上运行（参考https://blog.csdn.net/shaobo8910/article/details/81121314）。
解决办法：关闭SIP
1.重启Mac，按住Command + R键直到Apple Logo出现，进入Recovery Mode模式
2.点击工具里的Terminal（终端）
3.执行 csrutil disable
4.重启Mac
5.重启完成后，执行 sudo chflags norestricted /usr/local && sudo chown -R fxp/usr/local
（如果想重新开启安全设置，则重复1、2步骤，输入csrutil enable就可以了）
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以下安装方式已无效
1，安装brew
curl -LsSf http://github.com/mxcl/homebrew/tarball/master | sudo tar xvz -C/usr/local --strip 1
2，安装完成后执行
brew
提示：Please run brew update!
3，按照提示更新，执行
brew update
报错：Error: /usr/local must be writable!
4，赋给/usr/local目录权限，执行sudo chown -R $(whoami) /usr/local，即
sudo chown -R fxp /usr/local
其中fxp为系统当前用户名。
5，再次执行
brew update
提示：
remote: Total 0 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
HEAD is now at c3f959d Merge pull request #1542 from woodruffw/deprecate-utils-json
To restore the stashed changes to /usr/local run:
'cd /usr/local && git stash pop'
==> Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate user behaviour analytics
Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
==> Tapping homebrew/core
Cloning into '/usr/local/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'...
remote: Counting objects: 3757, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3647/3647), done.
remote: Total 3757 (delta 13), reused 305 (delta 1), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (3757/3757), 3.00 MiB | 30.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (13/13), done.
Checking connectivity... done.
Tapped 3636 formulae (3,784 files, 9.3M)
Already up-to-date.
Error: Could not link:
/usr/local/share/doc/homebrew
Please delete these paths and run `brew update`.
==> Migrating HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY (please wait)...
Error: Could not link:
/usr/local/share/doc/homebrew
Please delete these paths and run `brew update`.
==> Migrated HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY to /usr/local/Homebrew!
Homebrew no longer needs to have ownership of /usr/local. If you wish you can
return /usr/local to its default ownership with:
sudo chown root:wheel /usr/local
6，按照提示删除/usr/local/share/doc/homebrew，执行
rm -r -f /usr/local/share/doc/homebrew
7，再次执行
brew update
安装更新成功！
二，使用brew
命令行下执行brew，用法提示如下：
Example usage:
brew search [TEXT|/REGEX/]
brew (info|home|options) [FORMULA...]
brew install FORMULA...
brew update
brew upgrade [FORMULA...]
brew uninstall FORMULA...
brew list [FORMULA...]
Troubleshooting:
brew config
brew doctor
brew install -vd FORMULA
Developers:
brew create [URL [--no-fetch]]
brew edit [FORMULA...]
https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/blob/master/docs/Formula-Cookbook.md
Further help:
man brew
brew help [COMMAND]
brew home
常用命令有安装和卸载等，以安装和卸载autojump为例：
安装：sudo brew install autojump
卸载：sudo brew uninstall wget
查看安装软件的话，命令如下：
sudo brew search /apache*/
注意/apache*/是使用的正则表达式，用/分割。
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版权声明：本文为CSDN博主「卓洛不迷路」的原创文章，遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/fxp850899969/article/details/53284193
来自 https://blog.csdn.net/fxp850899969/article/details/53284193