第二十三章、软件安装： RPM, SRPM 与 YUM 功能 有大用

[root@www ~]# rpm -i rp-pppoe-3.5-32.1.src.rpm
# 过程不会显示任何东西，他只会将 SRPM 的文件解开后，放置到 /usr/src/redhat/

[root@www ~]# find /usr/src/redhat/ -type f
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/rp-pppoe-3.5-firewall.patch  <==补丁档
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/adsl-stop                    <==CentOS 提供的脚本
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/rp-pppoe-3.5.tar.gz          <==原始码啦！
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/rp-pppoe-3.5-buildroot.patch <==补丁档
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/adsl-start                   <==CentOS 提供的脚本
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/adsl-connect
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/adsl-setup
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/adsl-status
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/rp-pppoe-3.4-redhat.patch    <==补丁档
/usr/src/redhat/SPECS/rp-pppoe.spec                  <==重要配置档！
# 主要含有原始码与一个重要的配置档啊！ rp-pppoe.spec ！

[root@www ~]# cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS
[root@www SPECS]# vi rp-pppoe.spec
# 1. 首先，这个部分在介绍整个软件的基本相关资讯！不论是版本还是释出次数等。
Summary: A PPP over Ethernet client (for xDSL support).
Name: rp-pppoe
Version: 3.5
Release: 32.1
License: GPL
Group: System Environment/Daemons
Url: http://www.roaringpenguin.com/pppoe/
Source: http://www.roaringpenguin.com/rp-pppoe-%{version}.tar.gz
Source1: adsl-connect
Source2: adsl-setup
....(中间省略)....

# 2. 这部分则是在配置相依属性需求的地方！
BuildRoot: %{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}-root

Prereq: /sbin/chkconfig  <==需要的前驱程序有哪些！
Prereq: /sbin/service
Prereq: fileutils

Requires: ppp >= 2.4.2         <==需要的软件又有哪些！
Requires: initscripts >= 5.92
Requires: iproute >= 2.6

BuildRequires: libtool   <==还需要哪些工具软件？
BuildRequires: autoconf
BuildRequires: automake

%description             <==此软件的描述啦！
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) is a protocol used by
many ADSL Internet Service Providers. This package contains the
Roaring Penguin PPPoE client, a user-mode program that does not
require any kernel modifications. It is fully compliant with RFC 2516,
the official PPPoE specification.


# 3. 编译前的预处理，以及编译过程当中所需要进行的命令，都写在这里
#    尤其 %build 底下的数据，几乎就是 makefile 里面的资讯啊！
%prep  <==这部份在预先 (pre) 进行处理，大致就是 patch 软件啊！
%setup -q
%patch0 -p1 -b .config
%patch1 -p1 -b .buildroot
%patch2 -p1 -b .ipchains

%build <==这部分就是在实际编译罗！
cd src
autoconf
CFLAGS="-D_GNU_SOURCE" %configure
make

install -m 0755 %{SOURCE1} scripts
install -m 0755 %{SOURCE2} scripts
install -m 0755 %{SOURCE3} scripts
install -m 0755 %{SOURCE4} scripts
install -m 0755 %{SOURCE5} scripts

%install  <==这就是安装过程！
rm -rf %{buildroot}

mkdir -p %{buildroot}/sbin
make -C src install RPM_INSTALL_ROOT=%{buildroot}
....(中间省略)....

# 4. 这里列出，这个软件释出的文件有哪些的意思！
%files   <==这个软件提供的文件有哪些？需要记录在数据库内！
%defattr(-,root,root)
%doc doc/LICENSE scripts/adsl-connect scripts/adsl-setup scripts/adsl-init
%doc scripts/adsl-start scripts/adsl-status scripts/adsl-stop
%doc configs
%config(noreplace) %{_sysconfdir}/ppp/pppoe-server-options
%config(noreplace) %{_sysconfdir}/ppp/firewall*
/sbin/*
%{_sbindir}/*
%{_mandir}/man?/*

# 5. 列出这个软件的更改历史纪录档！
%changelog
* Wed Jul 12 2006 Jesse Keating <jkeating@redhat.com> - 3.5-32.1
- rebuild
....(中间省略)....
* Wed May 31 2000 Than Ngo <than@redhat.de>
- adopted for Winston.

%changelog
* Wed Jul 01 2009 VBird Tsai <vbird@mail.vbird.idv.tw> - 3.5-32.2.vbird
- only rebuild this SRPM to RPM

* Wed Jul 12 2006 Jesse Keating <jkeating@redhat.com> - 3.5-32.1
....(底下省略)....

[root@www ~]# rpmbuild -ba rp-pppoe.spec  <==编译并同时产生 RPM 与 SRPM 文件
[root@www ~]# rpmbuild -bb rp-pppoe.spec  <==仅编译成 RPM 文件

[root@www ~]# cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS
[root@www SPECS]# rpmbuild -ba rp-pppoe.spec
....(以上省略)....
正在处理文件：rp-pppoe-debuginfo-3.5-32.2.vbird
已写入：/usr/src/redhat/SRPMS/rp-pppoe-3.5-32.2.vbird.src.rpm
已写入：/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/rp-pppoe-3.5-32.2.vbird.i386.rpm
已写入：/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/rp-pppoe-debuginfo-3.5-32.2.vbird.i386.rpm
正在运行 (%clean)：/bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.10628
+ umask 022
+ cd /usr/src/redhat/BUILD
+ cd rp-pppoe-3.5
+ rm -rf /var/tmp/rp-pppoe-3.5-32.2.vbird-root
+ exit 0

[root@www SPECS]# find /usr/src/redhat -name 'rp-pppoe*rpm'
/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/rp-pppoe-3.5-32.2.vbird.i386.rpm
/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/rp-pppoe-debuginfo-3.5-32.2.vbird.i386.rpm
/usr/src/redhat/SRPMS/rp-pppoe-3.5-32.2.vbird.src.rpm
# 上面分别是 RPM 与 SRPM 的文件档名！

[root@www ~]# mkdir /usr/local/src/main-0.1
[root@www ~]# tar -zxvf main.tgz -C /usr/local/src/main-0.1
[root@www ~]# cd /usr/local/src/main-0.1
[root@www main-0.1]# vim Makefile  <==创建原始码所需 make 守则
LIBS = -lm
OBJS = main.o haha.o sin_value.o cos_value.o
main: ${OBJS}
	gcc -o main ${OBJS} ${LIBS}
clean:
	rm -f main ${OBJS}
install:
	install -m 755 main $(RPM_INSTALL_ROOT)/usr/local/bin/main
# 记得 gcc 与 rm 之前是使用 <tab> 按键作出来的空白喔！

[root@www main-0.1]# cd ..
[root@www src]# tar -zcvf main-0.1.tar.gz main-0.1
# 此时会产生 main-0.1.tar.gz ，将他挪到 /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES 底下：
[root@www src]# cp main-0.1.tar.gz /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES

[root@www ~]# cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS
[root@www SPECS]# vim main.spec
Summary:   calculate sin and cos value.
Name:      main
Version:   0.1
Release:   1
License:   GPL
Group:     VBird's Home
Source:    main-0.1.tar.gz   <==记得要写正确的 Tarball 档名喔！
Url:       http://linux.vbird.org
Packager:  VBird
BuildRoot: %{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}-root

%description
This package will let you input your name and calculate sin cos value.

%prep
%setup -q

%build
make

%install
rm -rf %{buildroot}
mkdir -p %{buildroot}/usr/local/bin
make install RPM_INSTALL_ROOT=%{buildroot}   <==这项目也很重要！

%files
/usr/local/bin/main

%changelog
* Wed Jul 01 2009 VBird Tsai <vbird@mail.vbird.idv.tw> 0.1
- build the program

[root@www SPECS]# rpmbuild -ba main.spec
....(前面省略)....
已写入：/usr/src/redhat/SRPMS/main-0.1-1.src.rpm
已写入：/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/main-0.1-1.i386.rpm
已写入：/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/main-debuginfo-0.1-1.i386.rpm

[root@www ~]# rpm -ivh /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/main-0.1-1.i386.rpm
正在准备…             ########################################### [100%]
   1:main                   ########################################### [100%]

[root@www ~]# rpm -ql main
/usr/local/bin/main   <==自己尝试运行 main 看看！

[root@www ~]# rpm -qi main
Name        : main              Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version     : 0.1                    Vendor: (none)
Release     : 1                  Build Date: 西元2009年07月02日 (周四)
Install Date: 西元2009年07月02日 Build Host: www.vbird.tsai
Group       : VBird's Home       Source RPM: main-0.1-1.src.rpm
Size        : 3360                  License: GPL
Signature   : (none)
Packager    : VBird
URL         : http://linux.vbird.org
Summary     : calculate sin and cos value.
Description :
This package will let you input your name and calculate sin cos value.
# 看到没？属於你自己的软件喔！真是很愉快的啦！